Mercury- 4,878 km
Venus- 12,104 km
Earth- 12,756 km
Mars- 6,794 km
Jupiter- 142,984 km
Saturn- 120,536
km
Uranus- 51,118 km
Neptune- 49,528 km
Pluto- 2,320 km
Inner Planets
Solar system is divided into two types of planets. The inner planets are Mars,
Earth, Venus, Mercury, and Sun. (All closely spaced than the outer
planets.)
Terrestrial planets- The inner planets are
all small, dense, and rocky. The outer planets, except for icy Pluto,
are much large and are made mostly of gases.
Solar systems- The solar system is composed
of the Sun (star) , planets and other bodies that travel around the
sun.
Rotation the Earth rotates; only one half of
the Earth faces the sun at any given times. Half facing the sun is light
(day), and the half facing away from the sun is dark (night), the addition
to rotating on its axis.
-Orbit- The Earth also travel around the sun in apathy
-Revolution- This motion around the sun along its orbit.
-Period of revolution- the amount of time it takes for a single trip
around the sun. An ellipse is a closed curve to two point called foci
inside the ellipse is always the same.
Planets’ bio.
Mercury
The planet closest to the sun. On Mercury you would only
weight 38 percent of what you weight in earth, lessen weight is due
to surface gravity, which is less on less massive planets. A day on Mercury
is almost 59 Earth days long! This is because; mercury spins on its axis
much more slowly than Earth does. The spin of an object is called it
rotation. The amount of time it takes for an object rotate once is
called its period of rotation. Mercury years is only 88 Earth days long.
Every 88 days, or 1.5 mercurial days, mercury completes one revolution
around the sun.
Mercury Statistics
Distance from sun: 3.2 light
minutes
Periods of rotation:
58 days, 16 hours
Period of revolution:
88 days
Diameter: 4,878
km
Density: 5.43 g/cm3
Surface temperature:
-173 to 4270C
Surface gravity:
38% of earths
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Venus
Venus is the most similar to Earth than any other planet. They're about
the same size, and have about the same density and mass. But they're
also very different. Unlike earth, Venus sun rises in the West and set
in the East. That's because Venus rotates in the opposite direction that
Earth rotates.
Venus Atmosphere :
Venus is the
densest of the terrestrial planets (inner planets). Its mostly made
up of cardoon dioxide, but it also contains some of the most corrosive
acids known. The atmosphere traps heat from sunlight a process known
as the greenhouse effect. The surface temperature is so high. Venus
have the highest surface of any planets in the solar system with is 4640C.
Venus Statistics
Distance from sun: 6.0 light minute
Period
of rotation: 243 days, (R)*
Period
of revolution: 224 days, 17 hours
Diameter:
12,104 km
Density:
5.20 g/cm3
Surface
temperture:4640C
Surface
gravity:91% of the earths
Earth
?Why
does Earth have such good fortune while its two nearest neighbors, Venus
and Mars, are unsuitable for life, as we know it?
(1).water on earth: Earth is fortunate
enough to have formed at just the right distance from the sun. Earths
temperatures are warm enough to prevent most of its water from freezing
but cool enough to keep it from boiling away. The key to the development
of life on Earth is liquid water. Water provides a means for much of
the chemistry that living things depend on for survival.
( 2).The Earth from space: By studying Earth
from space, we hope to understand how different parts of the global
system are alike such as weather, climate, and pollution.
Earth
Statistics
Distance from sun:8.3 light minute
Period of rotation:23 hours,56 minute
Period of revolution:365 days,6 hours
Diameter:12,756 km
Density:5.52 g/cm3
Surface temperture:-13 to 370C
Surface gravity:100% of Earth
Mars
The red planet. Other than Earth, Mars is the most studied planet in
the solar system. Most of our information was gathered by the Viking
1 and Viking 2 spacecraft that landed on Mars in 1976 and from the pathfinder
spacecraft that landed on Mars in 1997.
The
atmosphere of Mars:
Because of Mars thin atmosphere and its great distance from the sun, mars
is a cold planet. The mid-summer temperature is – 130C to –770C. The atmosphere
of the red planet is so thin that the air pressure is (30km) above
Earths surface. Just about 3 times, higher than most planes fly. The
pressure is so low, liquid water would quickly boil away. The only water
you'll find on Mars is in the form of ice.
Water on Mars:
Although liquid water cannot exist on Mars's
surface today, we have strong evidence that it did exist there in the
past! Mars has two polar accepts that contain both frozen water and
frozen carbon dioxide, but this cannot account for all the water. Mars
also has volcanoes. Its rich with volcano history. Unlike Earth, where
volcanoes occur in many places, Mars has only two volcanic systems. The
largest, the Tharsis region, stretches 8,000km across the planet which
is the largest mountain in the solar system. Those factors may have
prevented the Martian crust from moving around as Earths crust has,
the volcanoes kept building up in the same spot.
Mars Statistic
Distance from the sun: 12.7
light-minutes
Period of rotation: 24 hours,
37 minutes
Period of revolution: 1 years,
322 minutes
Diameter: 6,794 km
Denity-3.93g/cm3
Surface temperature: -123 to
370C
Surface gravity: 38% of earths
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The Outer
Planets
The outer planets
differ significantly in composition and size from the inner planets. All
of the outer planets,expect pluto, are gas giants. Gas giants are very large
planets that don't have any known solid surfaces-their armosphere blend
smoothy into the denser layers of their interiors,very deep beneath the
outer. layers.
Jupiter
At the depth of 10,000 km, the pressure is higher enough
to change hydrogen into a metallic liquid state. Jupiter radiates
much more heat into space than its receives from the sun because, heat
is continuously transported from Jupiter's interior to its outer atmospheric
layers.
Jupiter Statistics
Distance from sun: 43.3 light- minutes
Period of rotation: 9 hours, 50 minutes
Period of revolution: 11 years, 313
days
Diameter: 142,984 km
Density: 1.34 g/cm3
Temperature: -1530C
Gravity: 236% of Earths
Saturn
Saturn is the second largest
planet in the solar system. Like Jupiter, is mostly made of hydrogen
and helium, with methane, ammonia, and ethane in the upper atmosphere.
Saturn is very smaller than Jupiter. Also like Jupiter, Saturn gives off lots more heat than the sun. Scientist believes
that, in Saturn's case, the extra heat is caused by helium raining out
of the atmosphere and sinking to the core. So Saturn is still forming.
Saturn rings:
Although all gas giant like Saturn
has rings, Saturn's rings are largest. Saturn's rings start near
the top of Saturn's atmosphere and extend out 139,000 km, yet they are
only a few hundred meter thick. The rings consist of icy particles that
range in size from a few centimeters to several meter across.
Saturn Statistics
Distance from
sun: 1.3 light-hours
Period of rotation:
10 hours, 30 minutes
Period of revolution:
29 years, 155 days
Diameter 120,536
km
Density: 0.69
g/cm3
Temperature:
-1850C
Gravity: 92%
of Earths
Uranus
Uranus is a small giant. Uranus looks like a featureless
blue-green disk. Its atmosphere is mainly hydrogen and methane
gas, which absorbs the red part of sunlight very strongly. Uranus and
Neptune are much smaller than Jupiter and Saturn, and yet they have similar
densities. They have lower percentages of light element and more water
in their interiors. Uranus has about 63 times the volume of Earth and
is nearly 15 times as massive. One especially unusual quality of Uranus
is that it is tipped over on its side-the axis of rotation is tilted by
almost 900 and lies almost in the plane of its orbit. For part of a Uranus
year, a one-pole point toward the sun while the other pole is in darkness.
At the other end of Uranus's orbit the poles are reversed. Scientist suggests
that early in its history, a massive object that tipped the planet over
hit Uranus.
Uranus Statistic
Distance from sun: 2.7 light-hours
Period of rotation: 17 hours, 14
minutes (R)*
Period of revolution: 83 years,
274 days
Diameter: 51,118 km
Density: 1.32 g/cm3
Temperature: -2140C
Gravity: 89% of Earths
Neptune
(The Blue World!)
Neptune Statistics
Distance from sun:
4.2 light-hours
Period of rotation:
16 hours, 7 minutes
Period of revolution:
163 years, 263 days
Diameter: 49,528
km
Density: 1.64 g/cm3
Temperature: - 2250C
Gravity: 112% of
Earths
Pluto
Pluto is the fastest planet from the sun. It is the smallest
planet-its less than a half of the size of Mercury. Another reason Pluto
is unusual is that its moon, Charon is more than half its size! From Earth,
it is hard to separate the images of Pluto and Charon because they are
so far away. From calculation of Pluto's density, we know that it must
be made of rock and ice. A very thin atmosphere of methane has been detected.
While Pluto is covered by water ice. Pluto is the only planet that has
not been visited by a NASA mission, but plans are underway to finally visit
this world and its moon in 2010.
Pluto Statistics
Distance from sun: 5.5 light-hours
Period of rotation: 6 days, 10 hours (R) 3
Period of revolution: 248 years
Diameter: 2,320 km
Density: 2.05g/cm3
Surface temperature: -2360C
Surface gravity: 7% of Earths
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Here are some web sites you can go to for more information on the
planets!