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Plant cells are pretty much the same as animal cells, except for a few differences in their organelles and the way they produce food.
One of the difference between plant and animal cell is the cell wall. It is located outside of the cell membrane. In animal cell, there's no cell wall. The cell wall protects the cell. It's made up of a complex compound called cellulose which forms sugar.
Inside the plant cells, there's a chloroplast. They are green, and oval. Inside the chloroplast, there's a chlorophy ll. Chlorophy ll contain pigments, they give the plants their color. Not all of the pigments are green, they can also produce other colors, but most of the pigments inside the plants are green.
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The chloroplast, inside, there's a chlorophy
ll
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The chloroplast under the microscope
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Do you know how plants produce food and energy? They absorbed the energy from the sun and makes it into food that they can use. The process that the plants absorb energy from the sun and make the sun's energy into food is called photosynthesis.
The chlorophy ll absorbs energy from the sun, and use it to split the water into hydrogen and oxygen. Water is made up of two atoms of hydrogen and one atoms of oxygen. In science, H is stand for hydrogen, and O is stand for oxygen. So water is known as H2O. When the oxygen and hydrogen is split, oxygen is release through the small opening of the leaves called stoma. Then the hydrogen comes together with carbon dioxide (CO2) which is what the plants breathe in. Then the plant uses the sun energy to make it into glucose(C6H12O6) which is the food of the plants.
We can explain it in a easy way:
Sunlight energy+ 6H2O(6 molecules of H2O)+ 6CO2(6 molecules of CO2)= C6H12O6(glucose)
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Inside the plant cell, the chlorophylls ll contains green pigments. Pigments comes in many different colors: orange, yellow, red, blue, etc... But in most plants, it contains more green pigments than the other colors. The green pigments covers over the other colors so usually we can only see the green color of the plant. But in the fall and winter, that is a different story.
Leaves change color in the fall, because in the fall, there's not as much sunlight as there is in the spring. So the chlorophy ll couldn't get much sun energy to make food. It can only make a very small amount of food, and it has to be given to the most important part of the tree, such as the roots and trunks. The leaves don't get enough food so the green pigments inside of them starts to disappear. When the green pigments on the surface of the leaves disappears, the other color pigments begins to appear. So you can see the other color of the leave. When all the pigments are died, the leaves begin to fall from the tree, and the branches will be the only things left on the tree in the winter.
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The leaves change color in autumn
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There's only branches left in the trees in
the winter
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